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Savannah, Immortal City: An Epic lV Volume History: A City & People That Forged A Living Link Between America, Past and Present
by Barry Sheehy, Cindy Wallace, Vaughnette Goode-Walker

Published: 2011-02-01
Hardcover : 504 pages
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A Decade of Dedicated Research unveils the True History of one of America's most Enigmatic Cities

Savannah, Immortal City, takes you on a journey through time told by those who lived, breathed and fought America's bloodiest war. Out of this crucible, a new America was forged. Through ...

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Introduction

A Decade of Dedicated Research unveils the True History of one of America's most Enigmatic Cities

Savannah, Immortal City, takes you on a journey through time told by those who lived, breathed and fought America's bloodiest war. Out of this crucible, a new America was forged. Through the remarkable survival of thousands of documents, photographs, mementos, personal diaries and antebellum structures, Savannah's unique Civil War story comes alive. Sheehy's compelling narrative combined with Wallace's stunning photography, takes the reader on a wonderful ride through history. Now, in this richly-researched work, homes, byways and buildings - forgotten by time - burst back to life, reanimated by the people and stories captured in Savannah, Immortal City.

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Excerpt

Antebellum Savannah—A City on the Move

“She has awoke—she has arisen—the spirit of the age she has caught—onward her motto, progress her policy, greatness her destiny.” —Savannah Evening Journal on Savannah’s future, November 12, 1852

Visitors to antebellum Savannah invariably remarked on its tree-lined streets and gracious green squares. “Beneath these trees, lamps are suspended . . .These lights, interspersed with the many long shadows that fall everywhere, heighten the romantic effect that the first sight of these streets would naturally produce in the mind unaccustomed to Southern scenes.” The trees in the squares were oak and the pride of India, the latter because they grew to maturity more quickly.3 The city’s deep sandy streets muffled the wheels of wagons and buggies, creating a tranquil hush that visitors found charming but, in the dry season, raised clouds of dust. This explains why Savannah’s antebellum townhouses were usually built on elevated basements with entrances on the second floor well above street level.

Savannah’s population in 1860 was just over 22,292, including 7,712 slaves and 700 freed Blacks. The people who lived here represented a dynamic and heterogeneous population. At the top of the social pyramid were the old planter families like the Habershams, Jones, De Rennes, Tatnalls, Hunters, Draytons, Gordons, Andersons, Bullochs, Mercers, Lawtons, Waynes, Screvens, Warings, and others. However, the cotton boom of 1840–1860 created a generation of wealthy commercial and professional families who merged through marriage with old money to create a tangled web of cousins spanning both the Georgia and South Carolina sides of the Savannah River. Talented artisans, builders, manufacturers, and professional families like the Lufburrows, Butlers, Scudders, Purses, Padelfords, and Willinks thrived in this environment. Of the twelve wealthiest citizens in the 1860 census, six had been born in the North and half the population had been born abroad. The accent heard on the street would have been very different from the soft southern lilt one associates with Savannah today. This was a brash immigrant boomtown where a mix of Irish, German, English, and various local accents would have made an unusual cacophony.

Savannah, as a busy port and commercial center, was surprisingly open to upward social mobility so long as it was backed by money and good manners. “Wealth is the open sesame here” wrote Mary Barber to her sister Lucy Barber in 1859. This openness extended to the city’s long-established Jewish community—Mickve Israel is today the third oldest synagogue in America. Savannah’s Jews made significant contributions to the economic, cultural, and educational welfare of the city. Christians accepted Jews into cultural, social, and fraternal clubs like the Georgia Historical Society and the Savannah Jockey Club. Jews were also readily elected to city, state, and national political offices by a largely gentile electorate.

The Irish Catholic population was now so large that Savannah established its own dioceses, separate from Charleston, and developed its own fraternal and educational institutions, like the Hibernians and The Sisters of Mercy convent and school, which later became St. Vincent’s Academy. Because of their growing numbers, the Irish were a force to be reckoned with in politics. It would take time before they were readily accepted within Savannah’s upper social circles—but such acceptance did occur. The second largest immigrant group after the Irish was the Germans who, like the Irish, soon formed their own fraternal and cultural organizations.

Savannah was home to more than a dozen places of worship. There were two synagogues, a Catholic Cathedral and ten Protestant churches: Episcopalian, Methodist, Unitarian, Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran. The city also had four thriving black churches—three Baptist and one Methodist. In addition, there was a large number of clubs and societies, including the Chatham Hunting Club, Savannah

Jockey Club, Quoit Club, and the exclusive Savannah Club. You can add to this the Free Masons, Oddfellows, Knights of Pythias, and a host of volunteer military companies like the Oglethorpe Light Infantry, Irish Jasper Greens, Republican Blues, Phoenix Riflemen, De Kalb Riflemen, Savannah Volunteer Guards, Georgia Hussars, and Chatham Artillery. Each of these clubs and institutions hosted elaborate events, mostly in the winter, making for a busy social season.

Social Season

The winter social season was gay and, at times, even extravagant. On those busy nights the great houses on Savannah’s beautiful squares echoed with the arrival of carriages and the rush of busy servants as well-dressed guests came and went amid excited conversation. In the background was music, laughter, the smell of fine food, a haze of cigar smoke, and the rustle of evening gowns. It was a scene that could have come right off the pages of Margaret Mitchell’s famous novel. There was a regular circuit of balls, parties (including costume parties), cotillions, and of course, grand marriages. The city hosted magicians and circuses, as well as horse racing, theatre, and other stage entertainments. Clifford Anderson remembered attending, in Savannah, a dinner at which five varieties of Madeira and three of Sherry were served—all aged ten to thirty years. Dr. Richard Arnold (who as mayor later surrendered the city to Sherman) wrote of a dinner he attended where Green Turtle Stew was served with spice, Madeira, and claret wine all mingled with the turtle’s own juices; followed by Calf ’s Head Stew, veal cutlets, roast lamb, and pate de fois gras; and all of this followed by ice cream, nuts, and olives. Thanks to Savannah’s two ice houses, food could be kept in cool rooms and served fresh even in the hottest summer months. Chilled Champagne was the latest rage.

The Savannah Theatre, destined to become the oldest continuously operated theatre in America, was located on Chippewa Square. Sometimes called the Athenaeum, it was remodeled in the late 1850s to accommodate 1,200-seated attendees. The building was heated and lit with gas by its wealthy owners who included Edward Padelford and Dr. Richard Arnold. The finest artists of the period appeared in this beautiful facility, including Edwin Booth, brother of up-and-coming actor John Wilkes Booth. In addition to drama and musicals, the theatre hosted lecturers and illusionists. view abbreviated excerpt only...

Discussion Questions

From the publisher:

1. Why do you think it is important to have a historical book of this magnitude and volume written about just one city in the United States?

2. Do you think Savannah, Georgia was a fitting city to cover in four volumes?

3. What was the most interesting thing you learned about that city of Savannah that you were surprised to find out?

4. Do you think the authors presented a persuasive argument for historic preservation?

5. What role do you feel the photographs played in making this book what it is? Would the book have been as effective without the accompanying photographs?

6. How important do you think it is to continue to talk about historical events like the Civil War and its effect on slavery in the United States?

7. Do you think the information presented in the book was clearly communicated and organized? Would there have been an easier way to write about Savannah's vast history?

Notes From the Author to the Bookclub

Q&A with the Author, Barry Sheehy

1. How did you get interested in writing this particular genre?

I have always been interested in history. I studied it as an undergraduate and graduate student and again in my years in the army. You will find historical references underpinning many of my business related papers, articles and books. My idea of a vacation is to visit battlefields around the world, which I have had the good fortune to do. Keep in mind that I grew up in Montreal and Quebec, which are (St Augustine’s pretentions notwithstanding) the oldest and most historic cities in North America. Growing up, history was all around me. When we vacationed in the summer at my grandparent’s house in Niagara Falls, we lived on Lundy’s Lane. This was the site of the bloodiest battle ever fought in Canada—a classic Napoleonic clash of armies. My grandfather would walk me over the battlefield almost every day talking about the historic events that played out there during the War of 1812. Not surprisingly, history has always been my first love. Once I left the army (an institution I also loved), I then gravitated to the business world where, much to my surprise, I was successful. This success in turn allowed me to fund my hobby.

2. Why were you inspired to write about the Civil War in Savannah? Is there something about the city that inspired you?

I moved to Savannah in 1991 as a result of the acquisition of our company by Times-Mirror. In order for the partners to receive their full buy-out we had to stay with the company for a set number of years. I was asked to move to California, which I utterly refused to do. Then I was asked to choose a site in the southeast. We looked at Atlanta, Jacksonville and Orlando, but Savannah, with its charm and history, was the place for me. It was love at first sight and I am still smitten.

3. Hoes does this historical account differ from others?

After five years of research by a very talented team of volunteers, Civil War Savannah provides the reader with insights and details about the antebellum and wartime city that have not been covered in previous works. Our books bring the old city back to life. The reader will never again walk past old buildings as if they were mute structures. They have a story to tell. We have given these buildings, and the old city itself, a voice. The reader will find most of the information in our books to be entirely new and fresh.

4. How important is it for writers to raise social, racial and political issues in literature?

History is a transcendent, intellectual discipline. Good history must touch on all the issues influencing events and people. These include economics, sociology, technology, politics, foreign affairs, demographics, military doctrines, etc. If one seeks to understand history based solely on one angle of inquiry, the result will be flawed or at best stilted. Perhaps the greatest challenge for the historian is to capture what the Germans call “zeitgeist” or the spirit of the age. This is the synthesis of all the factors coming together to shape thinking, behavior and decision making. It is like chasing a ghost. That ghost is what I tried to capture or at least reflect, especially in the first book in the series “Immortal City.” Consider this: the South never had a chance of succeeding with secession if the North dug in its heels and said no. Anyone with a lick of sense knew this, yet they plunged ahead. What made them do it? What was it about the times that caused people to do something so incredibly reckless? To understand one would have to be there. That is the essence of the meaning of “zeitgeist.”

5. What kind of research did you do for these books?

Our team investigated just about every known source and reservoir of knowledge about Civil War Savannah. Have we missed something? Almost certainly. That is why we position our work with the words “for now this is our contribution.” We are engaged in a dialogue across the ages and we are but a part of the larger discussion. The ultimate conceit of historians is to assume that their work is the final word on any subject. Sadly, this explains why accomplished historians sometimes spent inordinate time criticizing, rather than encouraging, those who follow in their footsteps. Watch for this phenomenon to rear its head when our books are released.

6. Can you describe your writing process?

Do the research, get the facts and then begin the painful process of turning it all into a readable story. Each step takes time and patience. The easiest phase, and also the most fun, is doing the research. Nothing is more exhilarating for an historian than rooting around in old records and documents, with the prospect of some new discovery only a letter or slip of paper away. It is as close to time travel as one can come. Even the smell of old papers, books and documents is intoxicating.

Writing is a creative process and thus comes from within the author. The challenge is getting it out and onto paper. I sometimes circle the material for days, as if I’m a little afraid of it, before pouncing. The historical writer has an advantage, however, in that he has a rough script to follow provided by the assembled facts. The challenge lies in interpreting and arranging these facts in a readable way. As for writing itself, the first paragraph is the most difficult. The initial forays are usually chaotic and the resulting text sometimes jumbled, but at least you have begun and that alone provides a sense of relief. The material only begins to resemble the final product in the fourth or fifth draft.

7. What do you think people search for in a book?

Readability and a good story. The great historian Barbara Tuchman was adamant in her opinion that after getting the facts right, the key to good history was good writing. An historian who cannot hold his audience is not much good at his or her job.

8. What is the hardest part about being an author?

Dealing with the minutia of the publication process. I thoroughly hate it.

9. What is the best part about being an author

The beginning and the end. In the beginning, you are filled with wonder, excitement and limitless possibilities. At the end, you have a sense of accomplishment, tinged with sadness. The book, which has been your friend, and yes, sometimes your adversary, is leaving you forever. It will now have a life of its own separate from you.

10. What do you like reading in your spare time?

Books on history and economics, and oh yes, books on ocean liners.

11. Any recent works that you admire?

Yes, The Big Short, Inside the Doomsday Machine by Michael Lewis. This bestseller takes the reader inside the insane world of asset back securities and bonds, which nearly destroyed the world’s financial system. How could anyone possibly makes bonds interesting? Well, Lewis, a superb story teller, takes us into this financial netherworld through the eyes of a handful of quirky, eccentric and downright odd bond traders who saw it all coming. They shorted all the big institutions that were buying these securitized real-estate assets (later to be known as toxic assets). These big financial players should have known better but just whistled past the graveyard and continued to play the game, with our money, right up until the cataclysmic crash. Toward the end of the book, as the inevitable disaster gets ever closer, you want to jump up and scream out to the banks and insurance companies “For God’s sake, stop!”

My favorite historian is Barbara Tuchman. I love all of her work including The Guns of August, A Distant Mirror, The Practice of History, Stilwell etc. Tuchman was never really accepted inside the academic community because she insisted on writing history for people rather than for professors. In addition to being a fine historian, she was also a wonderful writer and storyteller. During the Cuban missile crisis, John Kennedy kept a dog-eared copy of The Guns of August beside his bed. This Pulitzer Prize winning book provides frightening insight into how the first World War more or less started itself without much executive direction. In the years leading up to the War, Europe’s war machine had developed a life of its own based on secret treaties, pre-prepared plans and train schedules. Once set in motion this machine could not be stopped by anybody, not the King of England, not the Kaiser, not the Czar. Kennedy’s favorite excerpt, which he read aloud to members of his cabinet, came from an exchange with a senior German general after the war. When asked how the war began he sighed, “Alas, if we only knew.” This quote reflects Kennedy’s frame of mind during the crisis and may explain how we avoided nuclear war – just.

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